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This article is so cool, and provides a lot context that I did not know about for my own history. When I was still a college kid, I worked a small firm that had spun out of MIT Lincoln Labs, and one of my first professional projects was to write software that allowed PDP-11s (and later, VAXen) to talk to ARPAnet IMPs, which we did as a contract for (!!) Citibank, who wanted in. Then I got hired by a small company, Symbolics, where I helped write software that connected Lisp Machines to the ARPAnet using "official" protocols (TCP/IP) as opposed to the MIT-invented CHAOSnet. Symbolics was later issued Internet domain #1, presumably because it was the first envelope opened one fateful day by a person in Washington DC.

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Great piece about the takeaways for building the research organization of the future - thank you! The history is worth recounting for that perspective. It may be worth noting that another excellent reference is the book "Where Wizards Stay Up Late: The Origins of the Internet" by Katie Hafner and Matthew Lyon, First Touchstone Edition, 1998 (published by Simon & Schuster).

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